Two-stroke deep-well power head



Apr. 17; 1923.

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- H. A. CAMPBELL TWO-STROKE DAEEP WELL POWER HEAD Filed Feb. 25, 1921 s Sheets-Shet 2 m N m1 .1

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I IINBHIIJP HENRY A. CAM PBELL.

Apr. 17, 1923.

H. A. CAMPBELL TWO-STROKE DEEP WELL POWER HEAD Filed Feb. 25, 1921 s Sheets-Sheet. 3

Ihvahlcfl HENRY A.CAMPBELL.

Fatented Apr. 17, 1923.

HENRY A. CAMPBELL, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

TWO-STROKE DEEP-WELL POWER HEAD.

Application filed February 23, 1921.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, HENRY A. CAMPBELL,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Two-Stroke Deep-Nell Power Heads, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a two-stroke deep well power head.

A. two-stroke pump consists of a cylinder in which is mounted two single acting plungers, positioned to reciprocate in 0pposition to each other. The upper plunger is usually connected with a tubular rod, and the lower plunger with an inner solid rod; a reciprocal movement being imparted to the respective rods and connected plungers by opposed cranks, cams, or otherwise. In pumps of this character it is, practically speaking, impossible to obtain a uniform flow or constant capacity at the point of discharge; this being largely due to the intermittent reciprocal action of the plungers, the variable plunger speed, or during the crank or cam throw, but is specially due to the dead stops produced twice during each revolution when the plungers reach the ends of their respective strokes. In other words, it may be stated that column of water, under ordinary circumstances, is intermittently or successively lifted by the plungers, and that the entire water column practically reaches a dead stop at the end of each plunger stroke. Detrimental vibration is thus produced, a pulsating discharge obtained, unnecessary power consumed, and wear and tear generally increased.

The object of the present invention is to generally improve pumps of this character, to simplify the construction of the same, and especially to provide a pump head mechanism whereby a reciprocal movement may be transmitted to the rods and connected plungers in such a manner that the movement of a column of water in a well will be absolutely uniform.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a pump head structure in which cranks, cams and the like may be entirely eliminated, and furthermore to provide a mechanism which will permit a plunger stroke of ten feet or more without materially increasing the size or weight of the mechanism or the final cost to any extent.

Serial No. 447,311.

Further objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction, combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figs. 1 and 2 show respectively a side elevation of the pump head drive, Fig. 1 the lower portion thereof, and Fig. 2 the upper portion.

Fig. 3 is a cross section on line 33, Fig. 1.

Fig. 4. is a cross section on line t-t, Fig. 1

Fig. 5 is a cross section on line 5-5, Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail view partly in section showing one of the crossheads.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal vertical section of the pump cylinder showing the position of the plungers and the foot valve therein.

Fig. 8 is a front view of the pump head drive showing the position of the endless 'cable.

Figs. 9 and 10 are diagrammatic views showing the relative movement of the respective cross-heads and the plungers actuated thereby.

Referring to the drawings in detail, A indicates the cylinder of a deep well pump,

2 a foot valve of suitable construction mounted in the lower end thereof, and 3 and a pair of plungers adapted to reciprocate in opposition to each other. The upper plunger is connected with a tubular rod 5,

while the lower plunger is connected with an inner solid rod 6; a reciprocal movement being imparted to the rods and the con- 0 nected plungers by the mechanism generally indicated in Figs. 1 and 2 which forms the subject matter of the present invention. This mechanism consists of an endless chain 7 of suitable construction, which is carried by a plurality of sprocket wheels 8, 9 and 10; said sprocket wheels being supported by journal members 11 secured to a vertically disposed frame, which consists of a pair of interspaccd channel bars 12 suitably supported by a base frame 13 disposedon one side of the upper end of the well casing as indicated at 14. The endless chain 7 is driven from any suitable source of power by means of a pulley 15, a pinion 16 and a gear 17; the gear 17 being secured on a shaft 18 upon which is keyed the sprocket 8. The intermediate sprocket 9 and the upper sprocket 1O merely serve as idlers as far as the chain itself is concerned, but they cooperate with the plunger reciprocating mechanism as will hereinafter be described.

Suitably secured to the main frame, consisting of the channel bar sections 12, and in front thereof, by bracket members 19, is a pair of upper and lower cross-head guides 20 and 21. Also supported by the brackets 19 is an upper and a lower set of track members as indicated at 22 and 23. Slidably mounted between the upper cross'head guides 20 is a cross-head 24. and similarly mounted between the lower set of crosshea-d guides is a cross-head 25. These guides are identical in construction, and each car ries a pair of pivotally attached lifting rods 26, the lower ends of which terminate in lifting lugs 27. The tubular rod 5 is attached to the lower cross-head, as at 28, see Fig. 6, while the inner solid rod is connected with the upper cross-head 24; the lifting rods 26 being pivotally mounted on the opposite sides of the respective cr0ss heads to straddle the rods as shown. The cross-heads may be constructed in any suitable manner, but are in this instance provided with rollers 29, which are engaged by the respective cross-head guides.

In actual operation, referring to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the cross-head 24 has reached the upper limit of its stroke, and that the lifting lugs 27 formed on the lower ends of the lifting rods 26 are being engaged by the teeth of the upper sprocket 10 and thus forced outwardly from between the links of the chain. This outward movement causes the lifting rods to swing about their pivotal connections on the cross-head, and simultaneously swings the lifting lugs to assume the dotted line position indicated at 26. Rollers or pins 30 disposed on the exterior side of each lifting lug will here engage the upper ends of the tracks 22 and as the movement of the cross-head will be in a downward direction, it is obvious that engagement of the pins with the exterior surfaces of the tracks will retain the lifting lugs, and the rods to which they are attached, in a position where they are free to move in a downward direction in unison with the cross-head without engaging the pins or links of the upwardly traveling chains. The downward movement will take place until the lower end of the track 22 is reached. The rods, together with the lugs formed therein, will then swing in-- wardly; the lugs 27 passing between the links of the chain and being thereby engaged by one of the pins and immediately started in an upward direction. The inward movement of the lifting rods naturally causes the rollers 30 to pass on the inside of the guide tracks, and they will therefore engage the inner face of said tracks during the upward movement; such engagement be- 3 ing of importance as it prevents disengagement of the lugs 27 with relation to the pins or links of the chain. In other words upward reciprocal movement is transmitted to the cross-head 24, due to engagement of the lugs 27 with one or another of the links or pins of the chain; this upward movement being again transmitted to the plunger 3 through means of the solid rod 6, which is connected with the cross-head 24. The moment the upper end of the guide tracks 22- is reached, automatic disengagement will take place as the teeth of the sprocket 10 will enter between the links and force the lugs 27 out of engagement therewith, the rollers 30 will engage the upper ends of the tracks 22 and downward movement will take place. The operation of the lower cross-head 25, the lifting rods 26 and lugs 27 attached thereto, is identical; the only difference being that the two cross-heads work in opposition to each other during the major portion of their respective strokes. It may however here be stated that while the plungers work in opposition to each other, during the major portion of their respective strokes, a movement simultaneous and in unison is obtained at the end of each plunger stroke. This is accomplished by accelerating the return speed of each plunger.

By referring to Figs. 1 and 2, and the mechanism so far described, it will be seen that power is transmitted to lift the rods and the connected plungers by engagement of the lifting lugs with the links or pins of the chain. Means must also be provided for returning the plunger-s even though they might settle by gravity. This means, referring to Fig. 8, consists of an endless cable which is attached to the respective crossheads as indicated at 40 and 41, said cable being supported and guided by pulleys 42, 43, 44, and 46; the cable forming a loop when passing over the pulleys 45 and 46 and being held in a taut position by a weight 47. To clearly illustrate the movement of the plunger-s, two diagrammatic views have been submitted as shown in Figs. 9 and 10. Referring to Fig. 10, we will suppose that the straight lineindicated at 50 indicates the path of travel or the reciprocal movement of the lowermost plunger when travelling in an upward direction, and that the straight line which terminates in an upward hook or curve, as indicated at 51, see Fig. 9, indicates the downward movement of the upper plunger. The straight line 50 is equal to the straight line 52, but said line terminates in an upwardly rising portion 51. The lines 51 and 52 indicate the entire travel of the uppermost plunger during its return or downward stroke and graphically illustrates that this plunger travels through a greater distance than the lowermost plunger when the lowermost plunger is traveling in neeaoae an upward direction. The uppermost plunger when traveling downwardly reaches the lowermost portion of its stroke when the lowermost plunger reaches the approximate end of its upward stroke, or the point indicated at 53. At this point the uppermost plunger forms the loop 51 and starts in an upward direction, reaching the point 5d when the lowermost plunger finally reaches the upper end of its stroke indicated at 55. The same cycle of operation'or movement takes place when the uppermost plunger travels in an upward direction as indicated by the strai ht line 56. During this movement the lowermost plunger travels downwardly and travels the same distance as the uppermost plun er did during its downward movement, that is. the lowermost plunger reaches the end of its stroke when the uppermost plunger reaches the point 57, and the lowermost plunger is then reversed and travels upwardly as indicated by the loop 58, while the uppermost plunger is completing the remainder of its stroke. In other words while the plungers travel in opposition to each other, during the major portion of their respective strokes, it can be seen that they travel in unison and, in the same direction when the ends of theirstrokes are approached. This is extremely important as it permits one plunger to relieve the other plunger of its load berore said plunger stops or reverses its movement. The movement of the load, or more specifically stated, the water column, is therefore bound to be constant and the speed uniform, and detrimental vibrations, etc., are entirely obviated. The accelerated speed imparted to the plungers during their downward movement is accomplished by the use of the endless cable shown in Fi s. 1, 2 and 8. This cable, as previously stated, is attached to the respective cross-heads as shown at L0 and ll. WVhen the cross-head is traveling upwardly, a pull will be exerted on the cable which will pull the upper cross-head 24 in a clownward direction, and similarly when crosshead 24 travels in an upward direction, a pull will be exerted on the cable which will cause the lower cross-head 25 to travel in a downward direction. The slight upward movement of the cross-heads in unison at the end of each plunger stroke will of course produce a slight slack in the upper end of the cable and would part the lower end of the cable, unless this was connected with the weight 47. This weight rises during this upward movement and instantly removes the slack in the upper end of the cable when the direction of the plungers is reversed.

In most two-stroke pumps employed today two cranks and pitmans are employed in connection with two sucker rocs. Such a drive produces only partially the results desired for the reason that the volume and velocity of the fluid in the column increases and decreases with the velocity of travel of the plungers, that is as the craniis leave their lower centers and pass to a position at right angles to a vertical axis, it is obvious that the plunger speed is rapidly increased and decreased; furthermore that dead centers or stops are reached at the end of each stroke and as such is the case it is obvious that unistance, in some parts of the country it is very. common to pump water for irrigation purposes from depths of one thousand feet below the surface, and again in the oil districts it is not at all uncommon to pump oil from three or four thousand foot levels. Now, if the pump casing is six inches in diameter and the depth four thousand feet, it is obvious that the weight imposed upon the plungers and the mechanism driving the same is enormous, and that, unless this weight is kept constantly moving and at uniform speed, unnecessary strains, vibration, consumption of power and wear and tear will take place. In the present instance intermittent waves and velocity of the liquid column being raised is entirely obviated as the simultaneous movement of the plungers in unison at the end of each stroke permits one plunger to take the load from the other plunger before this comes to a stop and its movement reversed. The present in vention therefore not only embodies anew plunger movement, but it also embodies an exceedingly novel mechanism whereby said movement can be transmitted, and while this mechanism is more or less specifically illustrated, I wish it understood that various changes in form and proportion may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims; similarly that the materials and finish of the several parts employed ma be such as the experience and judgment of the manufacturer may dictate or varying uses may demand.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. A pump power head drive for two stroke pumps comprising a cylinder, a pair of plungers mounted therein, means for imparting reciprocal motion thereto and a flexible means for accelerating the speed of the plungers when traveling in a downward direction.

2. A. pump power head drive for two stroke pumps comprising a cylinder, a pair of plungers mounted therein, means for imparting reciprocal motion. to the plungers and continuous flexible means for accelerating the speedv of the plungers during a portion of their travel.

3. A pump power head drive for two stroke pumps comprising a. cylinder, a pair of plungers mounted therein, means for imparting opposed reciprocal motion to the plungers, and continuous flexible means for accelerating the speed of the plungers when traveling in a downward direction whereby the plungers travel in unison and in the same direction for a predetermined distance at the end of each stroke.

4. In a pump of the character described a cylinder, a pair of plungers, mounted therein, an endless member traveling at a con stant uniform speed, means actuated by said member for imparting movement to the plungers and means for accelerating the speed of each plunger in one direction.

5. A pump power head drive comprising a frame, a pair of sprocket wheels journaled on the frame, an endless chain supported and driven by said sprocket wheels, a pair of cross-heads reciprocally mounted in the frame, and intermittently engageable means fortransmitting movement from the chain to the cross-heads.

. 6. A pump power head drive for twostroke pumps comprising a frame, a pair of sprocket wheels supported and journalcd in said frame, an endless chain supported and driven continuously in one direction with uniform speed by the sprocket wheels, a pair of cross-head guides on the frame, a cross-head reciprocally mounted between each pair of guides and intermittently engageable means for transmitting movement from the chain to the cross-heads.

7. A. pump power head drive for twostroke pumps comprising a frame, a pair of sprocket wheels supported and journaled in said frame, an endless chain. supported and driven continuously in one direction with uniform speed by the sprocket wheels, a pair of cross-head guides on the frame, a cross-head reciprocally mounted between each pair of guides, means for transmitting movement from the chain to the cross-heads, and other means for accelerating the speed of the cross-heads when traveling in a downward direction.

8. A pump power head drive for twostroke pumps, comprising a vertically disposed frame, a pair of sprocket wheels supported and journaled in the frame, an endless chain supported and driven by the sprocket wheels, said sprocket wheels main taining a constant uniform speed, a pair of cross-head members reciprocally mounted in the frame, means for forming a driving connection between each cross-head and the chain when the cross-heads are traveling in an upward direction, and means for automatically disconnecting said connection when the end of an upward stroke is reached.

9. A pump power head drive for two stroke pumps, comprising a vertically disposed frame, a pair of sprocket wheels supported and journaled in the frame, an endless chain supported and driven by the sprocket wheels, said sprocket wheels maintaining a constant uniform speed, a pair of cross-head members reciprocally mounted in the frame, means for forming a driving connection between each cross-head and the chain when the cross-heads are traveling in an upward direction, means for automatically'disconnec'ting said connection when the end of an upward stroke is reached, and" means for returning each cross-head in a downward direction and at an accelerated speed. i

10. A pump power head drive for twostroke pumps, comprising a vertically disposed frame, a plurality of sprocket wheels supported and journaled in the frame, an endless chain supported and driven by the sprocket wheels, and maintained at a uniform speed, a pair of cross-head guides in the frame adjacent the upwardly traveling side of the chain, a cross-head member mounted in each set of guides, a lifting arm pivotally attached to each cross-head member, and a lug on the lower end of each lifting arm adapted to be thrown into and out of engagement with the links of the chain.

11. A pump power head drive for twostroke pumps, comprising a vertically disposed frame, a plurality of sprocket wheels supported and journaled in the frame, an endless chain supported and driven by the sprocket wheels, and maintained at a uniform speed, a pair of cross-head guides in the frame adjacent the upwardly traveling side of the chain, a cross-head member mounted in each set of guides, a lifting arm pivotally attached to each cross-head member, a lug on the lower end of each lifting arm adapted to enter between the links of the chain and to be engaged thereby, means for automatically engaging the lugs with the links of the chain when the lowerend of a stroke is reached, and means for automatically disengaging the lugs with rela tion to the links of the chain when the uppermost end of a stroke is reached.

12. A pump power head drive for twostroke pumps, comprising a vertically, disposed frame, a plurality of sprocket wheels supported and journaled in the frame, an endless chain supported and driven by the sprocket wheels, and maintained at uniform speed, a pair of cross-head guides in the frame adjacent the upwardly traveling side of the chain, a cross-head member mounted in each set of guides, a lifting arm pivotally attached to each cross-head member, a lug on the lower end of each lifting arm adapted to enter between the links of the chain and to be engaged thereby, means for automatically engaging the lugs with the links of the chain when the lower end or a stroke is reached, means for automatically disengaging the lugs with relation to the links of the chain when the uppermost end of a stroke is reached, and means for maintaining the lugs out of engagement with the chain during the downward stroke of each cross-head.

13. A pump power head drive for twostroke pumps, comprising a vertically disposed frame, a plurality of sprocket wheels supported and journaled in the frame, an endless chain supported and driven by the sprocket wheels, and maintained at uniform speed, a pair of cross-head guides in the frame adjacent the upwardly traveling side of the chain, a cross-head member mounted in each set of guides, a lifting arm pivotally attached to each cross-head member, a lug on the lower end of each lifting arm adapted to enter between the links of the chain and to be engaged thereby, means for automatically engaging the lugs with the links of the chain when the lower end of a stroke is reached, means for automatically disengaging the lugs with relation to the links o1 the chain when the uppermost end or a stroke is reached, means for maintaining the lugs out of engagement with the chain dur ing the downward stroke of each cross-head, and other means for transmitting an accelerated speed to the cross-heads during their downward stroke.

HENRY A. CAMPBELL. 

